What is a Concrete Water-Reducing Agent?
Concrete additive is an important component of concrete blends. It boosts the flow of concrete, making it less difficult to incorporate and place, thus improving the workability of concrete for building.
The amount of water-reducing additive is influenced by factors including particle size and compressive strength, among others, in connection with the performance of concrete, and its dosage is also affected by environmental conditions and construction and building requirements. Proper utilization of water-reducing agents can improve the evenness of concrete, minimize concrete cracking, and increase the strength of concrete. The function of water-reducing agents also includes reducing the water content of concrete, improving the robustness of concrete, and boosting the overall effectiveness of concrete. Additionally, water-reducing agents can lessen dust development, reduce concrete shrinkage, boost concrete durability, enhance the appearance of concrete, and improve concrete’s strength to corrosion.
What are the qualities of concrete water-reducing agent?
The concrete water-reducing agent is an admix that minimizes the water consumption of concrete while maintaining its fluidity fundamentally unchanged, thus improving the robustness and durability of concrete, or raising the fluidity of concrete and improving the workability of concrete within the same concrete quantity and water-cement ratio.
1. Greasing effect.
The polar hydrophilic groups in the water-reducing agent align themselves to adsorb onto the surface of cement particles and easily bond to water molecules through hydrogen bonds. The strength of this hydrogen bonding is considerably greater than the molecular attraction between water molecules and cement particles. When ample water-reducing agent is absorbed by the cement particles, using R-SO3θ and the hydrogen bonding in water molecules, in addition to the hydrogen bonding between water molecules, a stable solvated water film develops on the surface of cement particles. This coating functions as a three-dimensional protective layer, preventing direct contact between cement particles and functioning as a lubricant between particles.
2. Moistening effect.
After cement and water are mixed, the surface of the particles is wetted by water, and the conditions of wetting have a significant impact on the performance of fresh industrial concrete. The reduction in surface available energy caused by natural moistening can be determined using the formula suggested by Glbbs.
3. Water-reducing effect.
After the addition of high-efficiency water-reducing agents in commercial concrete, the water-cement ratio can be significantly reduced while maintaining fluidity. High-efficiency water-reducing agents have a water reduction rate of up to 10% to 25%, while regular water-reducing agents have a water reduction rate of 5% to 15%, therefore the name high-efficiency water-reducing agent. The water reduction effect is mainly due to the adsorption and diffusion of water-reducing agents in industrial concrete.
4. Plasticity-Enhancing result.
After adding a water-reducing agent to concrete, it can increase the workability while retaining the water-cement ratio constant. Common water-reducing agents, in case of maintaining the specific similar amount of cement, can produce the new industrial concrete depression increase by more than 10cm; high-performance water-reducing agents can generate a slump of 25cm of industrial concrete.
Concrete water-reducing agent system of action introduced
1. Distributing impact:
After the concrete is combined with water, as a result of the hydration of cement particles, the surface of cement particles develops a twofold electrical layer structure, resulting in the formation of a solvent water film and asymmetrical charged surfaces between cement particles making a bridging effect. This makes sure that 10% to 30% of the blend water is enveloped by the concrete particles and cannot take part in free flow and lubrication, consequently impacting the workability of the concrete mix. As the water-reducing agent is added, the water-reducing additive molecules can position themselves and adsorb on the surface of cement particles, creating a similarly charged surface (typically negative) on the cement particles. This causes electrostatic repulsion, prompting the cement particles to disperse from each other, disrupting the bridging structure, and releasing the covered water. As a result, the water can flow more efficiently, therefore increasing the flow of the concrete mix.
2. Lubrication influence:
The hydrophilic group in the water-reducing agent is highly polar, allowing the adsorption film of the water-reducing agent on the surface of cement particles to create a steady layer of solventized water film along with water molecules. This water film provides efficient lubrication, significantly reducing the friction between cement particles and additional improving the flow of concrete.
3. Spatial site-resistance impact:
The water-reducing agent structure with hydrophilic branched chains extends in a liquid mixture, developing a compact hydrophilic three-dimensional adsorption film on the surface of adsorbed cement particles. When the concrete particles are adjacent to each other, the adsorption layers begin to intersect. This results in spatial site-resistance among cement particles, raising the repulsion of spatial site-resistance and improving the bonding obstruction between cement particles, hence maintaining the desired slump of the concrete.
4. Slow-release result of graft copolymerization branched chains:
New water-reducing agents, such as polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agents, possess branching chains transplanted onto the molecules of the water-reducing substance. These branched chains provide both spatial site-resistance effects and, in the highly alkaline environment of cement hydration, can be slowly released, causing the emission of polycarboxylic acid with scattering effect. This boosts the dissemination effect of cement particles and controls slump loss.
The quantity of water-reducing additive is impacted by the particle measurement as well as compressive strength, etc., on the performance of concrete, and furthermore its amount is likewise impacted by weather conditions problems and construction demands. The correct use of water-reducing agents can improve the uniformity of concrete, lower the fracturing of the concrete, likewise raise the strength of concrete. The role of water-reducing agents furthermore consists of reducing the water material of concrete, which improves the strength of concrete and makes the general performance of concrete top-quality. In addition, water-reducing agents can likewise lower the creation of dirt, lower the contracting of concrete, increase the durability of concrete, improve the look of concrete, and enhance the rust resistance of concrete.
Cement Water-Reducing Agent
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